Many eye conditions develop gradually and cause no pain early on, which is why routine exams matter even if you feel your vision is fine. How often you need one depends on your age, health, and history.
General timing
Many eye care professionals suggest that adults with no symptoms or risk factors have a baseline exam in early adulthood and then continue at intervals their eye doctor recommends. People who wear glasses or contacts, have diabetes, high blood pressure, or a family history of eye disease are often advised to be seen more often. Children's vision is commonly checked at pediatric visits and again if school or parents notice problems. Ask your own eye doctor what schedule suits you.
What happens in an exam
- A review of your health and family history
- Vision tests to measure how clearly you see
- A check of how your eyes move and focus together
- An examination of the front and back of your eyes, sometimes with dilating drops
- A discussion of results and any prescription changes
If your eyes are dilated, they may be sensitive to light for a few hours, so bring sunglasses and consider having someone drive.
Don't wait if you notice
- Sudden vision loss or a curtain-like shadow in your vision
- New flashes of light or a sudden shower of floaters
- Eye pain, significant redness, or injury
- Double vision that appears suddenly
These can need urgent attention, so contact an eye doctor or emergency services right away.
Everyday habits
Take breaks from screens by looking at something far away every so often, wear sunglasses outdoors, and follow your contact lens care instructions carefully.